Design and Implementation of Land Information System Using Spatial Database

Abstract

Improving the accessibility, integration, and usability of land information is increasingly important for supporting planning, service delivery, and public transparency. This paper presents the high-level design of an Internet-based Land Information System using PostgreSQL/PostGIS spatial database technology. The proposed approach unifies spatial and non-spatial datasets within a single web-accessible environment, enabling the practical querying, visualization, and management of land ownership, rights, taxation, and parcel block maps. The system architecture emphasizes ease of use, scalability through open-source tools, and WebGIS-based deployment. The interface was developed using HTML and Tailwind CSS to ensure responsiveness and dynamic interaction. Core features include a navigation bar, search-based query tools with auto-suggestions, parcel selection with “info-on-click” attribute display, layer control, and attribute-based filtering (e.g., land-right type and owner-related attributes). Spatial visualization uses the OpenLayers JavaScript library, which fetches spatial data from the PostgreSQL/PostGIS database in GeoJSON format and overlays it on OpenStreetMap and other basemap tiles, allowing zoom, pan, and layer toggling. The dynamic display of results in GeoJSON format using JavaScript is made possible by PHP scripts that interface between the backend and frontend and fetch spatial SQL queries in response to user actions. The system was evaluated through functionality, performance, and usability testing. Transaction testing confirmed compliance with the ACID properties, while validation against official registers demonstrated consistent attribute integration and high geometric fidelity, with parcel-area differences of only 0.0096%. Performance testing showed efficient database query execution (average 51.78 ms), while web load time (Largest Contentful Paint) ranged from 2 to 4.5 seconds for approximately 2000 parcel records. Usability evaluation yielded a feasibility score of 83.57% (Very Good). The main contribution is the demonstration of permitting spatial databases unrestricted access to build agile but powerful land information systems for users, inclding administrators and the public, strengthening transparency and supporting digital transformation in local governance.